Avifauna (Birds)
Zosteropidae - Apalopteron familiare -
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Fringillidae- Chaunoproctus ferreorostris – Bonin Grosbeak
Distribution: Last reported in Japan in 1828
Endemism: It is endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: It is suspected that its extinction resulted from introduction of cats and rats and island deforestation. Nothing else is known of its ecology other than Kittlitz’s description (Greenway 1967), "this bird lives on Bonin-sima, alone or in pairs, in the forest near the coast. It is not common but likes to hide, although of a phlegmatic nature and not shy. Usually it is seen running on the ground, only seldom high in the trees." Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Extinct (EX) |
Columbidae- Columba janthina – Japanese Wood Pigeon
Distribution: Its distribution is spread throughout small islands off Japan and south coast of South Korea, and in eastern Russia, Shandong, and China.
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: This species is heavily dependent on mature forest and recent hunting and logging activities are thought to be responsible for the current decline of the species population. It feeds on seeds and fruit and it breeds from February to Sepeter. Females lay a single egg in a tree-hole or amongst rocks. There is no sexual dimorphism in this species. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Near Threatened (NT) |
Columbidae - Columba versicolor – Bonin Wood Pigeon
Distribution: Once inhabited in the Bonin Islands and Japan
Endemism: It is endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: It inhabited the lush forested interior of the small islands. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Extinct (EX) |
Hydrobatidae- Oceanodroma tristrami – Tristram’s Storm-petrelDistribution: Widely distributed in Hawaiian Islands, and in small range of the Bonin and Izu Islands, Japan.
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: This species feeds while pattering on the sea surface and mainly consumes squid and fish. It lives for at least 14 years and is highly sensitive to human disturbance. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Near Threatened (NT) |
Diomedeidae- Phoebastria albatrus – Short-tailed Albatross
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Diomedecide- Phoebastria immutabilis - Laysan Albatross Distribution: This species breeds at 16 sites, mostly in the Hawaiian Islands and US Minor Outlying Islands. Some small colonies occur in Japan and Mexico.
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: It is an annual breeder but some will skip a breeding season. Some nests can be simple, and some more elaborate depending on the near vergetations. According to Young et al, high rates of mate change, super-normal clutches, and same-sex pairing have been observed (same-sex pairing is thought to result from skewed sex ratio). It mainly feeds on cephalopods and other fish, crustaceans, and invertebrates. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Near Threatened (NT) |
Diomedeidae - Phoebastria nigripes – Black-footed Albatross
Distribution: They live in at least 14 locations including the Northwesteren Hawaiian Islands, the US Minor Outlying Islands, and Japan. It disperses widely in the northern Pacific Ocean
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: It breeds on beaches and slopes with little or no vegetation. It feeds on flying fish eggs, squid, fish, and crustaceans. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Near Threatened (NT) |
Procellariidae - Puffinus bryani – Bryan’s Shearwater
Distribution: Small population of the species are found on Midway Island in the north-western Hawaiian chain, and in the Bonin Islands.
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: Very little is known about the species since it is very rare. Introduced rats are thought to have caused the predation of this species. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Critically Endangered (CR) |
Turdidae - Zoothera terrestris – Bonin Thrush
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Hydrobatidae - Oceanodroma matsudairae – Matsudara’s Storm-petrel
Distribution: It is only known to breed on the Volcano Islands in Japan but is recorded around the Ogasawaea Islands . After breeding season it moves to the Timor Sea, Indian Ocean, or New Guinea.
Endemism: It is not endemic to the region Natural History and Interesting Information: It is colonial and builds its nest in burrows on high ground. When not breeding, it lives far from land. Conservation: The IUCN Red List Status is Vulnerable (VU) |